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emotional illness

  • 1 emotional illness

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > emotional illness

  • 2 emotional illness

    English-Spanish medical dictionary > emotional illness

  • 3 emotional illness

    s.
    enfermedad emocional.

    Nuevo Diccionario Inglés-Español > emotional illness

  • 4 علة انفعالية

    emotional illness

    Arabic-English Medical Dictionary > علة انفعالية

  • 5 аффективное расстройство

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > аффективное расстройство

  • 6 психическое расстройство

    3) Psychiatry: psychiatric condition
    4) Engineering: mental affection
    7) Business: mental disturbance
    9) Psychoanalysis: psychiatric disturbance
    11) Security: mental instability
    12) Phraseological unit: a few sandwiches short of a picnic

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > психическое расстройство

  • 7 enfermedad emocional

    f.
    emotional illness.

    Spanish-English dictionary > enfermedad emocional

  • 8 психическая болезнь

    mental disease, mental disorder, mental [emotional] illness, psychosis

    Большой русско-английский медицинский словарь > психическая болезнь

  • 9 psychisch

    I Adj. psychological; stärker: mental; Druck, Reaktion etc.: emotional; psychische Belastung mental strain; psychische Krankheit mental illness
    II Adv.: psychisch bedingt psychological, all in the mind umg.; psychisch belastet under mental strain; psychisch krank mentally disturbed
    * * *
    psychic; psychical
    * * *
    psy|chisch ['psyːçɪʃ]
    1. adj
    Belastung, Auswirkungen, Defekt emotional, psychological; Phänomen, Erscheinung psychic; Vorgänge psychological

    psýchische Erkrankung — mental illness

    psýchisch unter großem Druck stehen, unter großem psýchischen Druck stehen — to be under a great deal of emotional or psychological pressure

    2. adv
    abnorm, auffällig psychologically; krank, gestört, labil mentally

    psýchisch gesund/unauffällig — psychologically normal

    sich psýchisch auswirken — to have psychological effects

    psýchisch belastet sein — to be under psychological pressure

    psýchisch erschöpft — emotionally exhausted

    sich psýchisch schlecht fühlen — to feel bad

    eine psýchisch bedingte Krankheit — a psychosomatic illness

    psýchisch gestört — emotionally or psychologically disturbed

    jdn psýchisch beanspruchen — to make emotional or psychological demands on sb

    er ist psýchisch völlig am Ende — his nerves can't take any more

    * * *
    1) (concerned with the mind, especially with supernatural influences and forces that act on the mind and senses.) psychical
    2) (concerned with the mind, especially with supernatural influences and forces that act on the mind and senses.) psychic
    * * *
    psy·chisch
    [ˈpsy:çɪʃ]
    1. (seelisch) emotional, psychological
    eine \psychische Belastung psychological strain
    eine \psychische Ursache haben to be psychological, to have a psychological cause
    unter großem \psychischen Druck stehen to be under a great deal of emotional [or psychological] pressure
    \psychisch bedingt/verursacht sein to be psychological, to have psychological causes/a psychological cause
    jdn \psychisch belasten to put sb under psychological pressure
    2. (geistig) mental
    \psychisch gesund sein to have all one's [mental] faculties [about one]
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv psychological; psychological, mental <strain, disturbance, process>; mental < illness>
    2.
    adverbial psychologically

    psychisch gesund/krank sein — be mentally fit/ill

    ein psychisch bedingtes Leiden — an illness of psychological origin

    * * *
    A. adj psychological; stärker: mental; Druck, Reaktion etc: emotional;
    psychische Belastung mental strain;
    psychische Krankheit mental illness
    B. adv:
    psychisch bedingt psychological, all in the mind umg;
    psychisch belastet under mental strain;
    psychisch krank mentally disturbed
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv psychological; psychological, mental <strain, disturbance, process>; mental < illness>
    2.
    adverbial psychologically

    psychisch gesund/krank sein — be mentally fit/ill

    * * *
    adj.
    psychic adj.
    psychical adj.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > psychisch

  • 10 seelisch

    I Adj. mental, psychological; (Gemüts...) spiritual, emotional; seelische Belastung mental ( oder emotional) strain; es ist eine seelische Belastung auch it takes it out of you emotionally; seelisches Gleichgewicht mental ( oder emotional) equilibrium; seelische Grausamkeit JUR. mental cruelty; seelischer Tiefpunkt emotional low; seelische Verletzungen / Qualen psychological damage Sg. ( oder scars) / mental torture Sg.; ( nicht) die seelische Kraft zu etw. haben (not) have the strength of mind to do s.th.
    II Adv.: seelisch krank / gestört / abnorm mentally ill / disturbed / abnormal; seelisch leiden suffer mentally ( oder emotionally); es hat mich seelisch sehr mitgenommen it took a lot out of me emotionally, it left me emotionally drained; seelisch bedingt emotional, psychological
    * * *
    mental; psychic; spiritual; psychical
    * * *
    see|lisch ['zeːlɪʃ]
    1. adj (REL)
    spiritual; (= geistig) Gesundheit, Gleichgewicht mental; Schaden psychological; Erschütterung, Belastung emotional; Grausamkeit mental

    séélische Kraft zu etw haben — to have the strength of mind for sth

    séélische Abgründe — the blackest depths of the human soul

    2. adv
    psychologically

    séélisch bedingt sein — to have psychological causes

    séélisch krank — mentally ill

    jdn séélisch misshandeln — to ill-treat sb psychologically

    * * *
    (of the mind: mental illnesses/disorders.) mental
    * * *
    see·lisch
    [ˈze:lɪʃ]
    I. adj psychological
    \seelische Belastungen/Nöte emotional stress/trouble
    \seelische Erschütterung/Qual emotional upset/mental ordeal
    \seelisches Gleichgewicht mental balance
    das \seelische Gleichgewicht verlieren to lose one's mental balance; s.a. Grausamkeit
    II. adv
    \seelisch bedingt sein to have psychological causes
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv psychological <cause, damage, tension>; mental <equilibrium, breakdown, illness, health>
    2.
    * * *
    A. adj mental, psychological; (Gemüts…) spiritual, emotional;
    seelische Belastung mental ( oder emotional) strain;
    es ist eine seelische Belastung auch it takes it out of you emotionally;
    seelisches Gleichgewicht mental ( oder emotional) equilibrium;
    seelische Grausamkeit JUR mental cruelty;
    seelischer Tiefpunkt emotional low;
    seelische Verletzungen/Qualen psychological damage sg ( oder scars)/mental torture sg;
    (nicht) die seelische Kraft zu etwas haben (not) have the strength of mind to do sth
    B. adv:
    seelisch krank/gestört/abnorm mentally ill/disturbed/abnormal;
    seelisch leiden suffer mentally ( oder emotionally);
    es hat mich seelisch sehr mitgenommen it took a lot out of me emotionally, it left me emotionally drained;
    seelisch bedingt emotional, psychological
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv psychological <cause, damage, tension>; mental <equilibrium, breakdown, illness, health>
    2.
    * * *
    adj.
    emotional n.
    mental n.
    psychological n.
    spiritual adj.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > seelisch

  • 11 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    155. Darwin, C. (1874) The Descent of Man. New York: Hurst.
    156. Davidoff-Hirsch, H. (1985) Oedipal and preoedipal phenomena. JAPA, 33.
    157. Davis, M. & Wallbridge, D. (1981) Boundary and Space. New York: Brunner-Mazel.
    158. Deutsch, H. (1932) Homosexuality in women. PQ, 1.
    159. Deutsch, H. (1934) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    160. Deutsch, H. (1937) Absence of grief. PQ, 6.
    161. Deutsch, H. (1942) Some forms of emotional disturbance and their relationship to schizophrenia. PQ, 11.
    162. Deutsch, H. (1955) The impostor. In: Neuroses and Character Types. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1965.
    163. Devereux, G. (1953) Why Oedipus killed Lains. IJP, 34.
    164. Dewald, P. (1982) Psychoanalytic perspectives On resistance. In: resistance, Psychodynamics. and Behavioral Approaches, ed. P. Wachtel. New York: Plenum Press.
    165. Dickes, R. (1963) Fetishistic behavior. JAPA. 11.
    166. Dickes, R. (1965) The defensive function of an altered state of consciousness. JAPA, 13.
    167. Dickes, R. (1967) Severe regressive disruption of the therapeutic alliance. JAPA, 15.
    168. Dickes, R. (1981) Sexual myths and misinformation. In: Understanding Human Behaviour in Health and Illness, ed. R. C. Simon & H. Pardes. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
    169. Dorpat, T. L. (1985) Denial and Defense in the Therapeutic Situation. New York: Jason Aronson.
    170. Downey, T. W. (1978) Transitional phenomena in the analysis of early adolescent males. PSOC, 33.
    171. Dunbar, F. (1954) Emotions and Bodily Functions. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    172. Easson, W. M. (1973) The earliest ego development, primitive memory traces, and the Isakower phenomenon. PQ, 42.
    173. Edelheit, H. (1971) Mythopoiesis and the primal scene. Psychoanal. Study Society, 5.
    174. Edgcumbe, R. & Burgner, M. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relation ships, part I. PSOC, 27.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 12 upset

    1. transitive verb,
    -tt-, upset
    1) (overturn) umkippen; (accidentally) umstoßen [Tasse, Vase, Milch usw.]
    2) (distress) erschüttern; mitnehmen (ugs.); (disturb the composure or temper of) aus der Fassung bringen; (shock, make angry, excite) aufregen

    don't let it upset you — nimm es nicht so schwer

    4) (disorganize) stören; durcheinander bringen [Plan, Berechnung, Arrangement]
    2. intransitive verb,
    -tt-, upset umkippen
    3. adjective
    1) (overturned) umgekippt
    2) (distressed) bestürzt; (agitated) aufgeregt; (unhappy) unglücklich; (put out) aufgebracht; verärgert; (offended) gekränkt

    be upset [about something] — (be distressed) [über etwas (Akk.)] bestürzt sein; (be angry) sich [über etwas (Akk.)] ärgern

    we were very upset to hear of his illness — die Nachricht von seiner Krankheit ist uns sehr nahe gegangen

    get upset [about/over something] — sich [über etwas (Akk.)] aufregen

    there's no point in getting upset about it — es hat keinen Sinn, sich darüber aufzuregen

    4. noun
    1) (overturning) Umkippen, das
    2) (agitation) Aufregung, die; (shock) Schock, der; (annoyance) Verärgerung, die
    3) (slight quarrel) Missstimmung, die
    4) (slight illness) Unpäßlichkeit, die

    digestive/stomach upset — Verdauungsstörung, die/Magenverstimmung, die

    5) (disturbance) Zwischenfall, der; (confusion, upheaval) Aufruhr, der
    6) (surprising result) Überraschung, die
    * * *
    past tense, past participle; see upset
    * * *
    up·set
    I. vt
    [ʌpˈset]
    ▪ to \upset sth etw umwerfen
    to \upset a boat ein Boot zum Kentern bringen
    to \upset a glass ein Glas umstoßen [o umkippen
    2. (psychologically unsettle)
    ▪ to \upset sb jdn aus der Fassung bringen; (distress) jdn mitnehmen, jdm an die Nieren gehen fam
    ▪ to \upset oneself sich akk aufregen
    3. (throw into disorder)
    ▪ to \upset sth etw durcheinanderbringen
    4. MED
    to \upset sb's metabolism jds Stoffwechsel durcheinanderbringen
    to \upset sb's stomach jdm auf den Magen schlagen
    5.
    ▶ to \upset the apple cart ( fam) alle Pläne über den Haufen werfen [o zunichtemachen
    II. adj
    [ʌpˈset]
    1. (up-ended) umgestoßen, umgeworfen, umgekippt
    2. pred (disquieted)
    ▪ to be \upset (nervous) aufgeregt sein; (angry) aufgebracht sein; (distressed) bestürzt [o betroffen] sein; (sad) traurig sein
    to get \upset about sth sich akk über etw akk aufregen
    ▪ to be \upset [that]... traurig sein, dass...
    he was very \upset [that] you didn't reply to his letters es hat ihn sehr getroffen, dass du auf seine Briefe nicht geantwortet hast
    don't be [or get] \upset reg dich nicht auf
    to be \upset to hear/read/see that... bestürzt sein zu [o mit Bestürzung] hören/lesen/sehen, dass...
    3. inv ( fam: bilious)
    to have an \upset stomach [or ( fam) tummy] sich dat den Magen verdorben haben
    III. n
    [ˈʌpset]
    1. no pl (trouble) Ärger m; (argument) Verstimmung f; (psychological) Ärgernis nt
    it was a great \upset to his self-image sein Selbstverständnis hat darunter sehr gelitten
    ▪ to be an \upset to sb jdm nahegehen, jdn mitnehmen
    to be an \upset to sth's equilibrium das Gleichgewicht einer S. gen [empfindlich] stören
    to have an \upset eine Meinungsverschiedenheit haben
    2. esp SPORT (great surprise) unliebsame Überraschung
    one of the major \upsets of this year's Wimbledon was the elimination of the favourite eine der großen Enttäuschungen des diesjährigen Wimbledon-Turniers war das Ausscheiden des Favoriten
    3. ( fam: stomach)
    stomach [or ( fam) tummy] \upset verdorbener Magen, Magenverstimmung f
    * * *
    [ʌp'set] vb: pret, ptp upset
    1. vt
    1) (= knock over) umstoßen, umwerfen; boat umkippen, zum Kentern bringen

    she upset the milk all over the new carpet — sie stieß die Milch um und alles lief auf den neuen Teppich

    2) (= make sad news, death) bestürzen, erschüttern, mitnehmen (inf); (question, insolence etc) aus der Fassung bringen; (divorce, experience, accident etc) mitnehmen (inf); (= distress, excite) patient, parent etc aufregen; (= offend unkind behaviour, words etc) verletzen, wehtun (+dat); (= annoy) ärgern

    you shouldn't have said/done that, now you've upset her — das hätten Sie nicht sagen/tun sollen, jetzt regt sie sich auf or (offended) jetzt ist sie beleidigt

    there's no point in upsetting yourself —

    I don't know what's upset him — ich weiß nicht, was er hat

    3) (= disorganize) calculations, balance, plan, timetable etc durcheinanderbringen
    4)

    (= make ill) the rich food upset his stomach — das schwere Essen ist ihm nicht bekommen

    2. vi
    umkippen
    3. adj
    1) (about divorce, accident, dismissal etc) mitgenommen (inf) (about von); (about death, bad news etc) bestürzt (about über +acc); (= sad) betrübt, geknickt (inf) (about über +acc); (= distressed, worried) aufgeregt (about wegen); baby, child durcheinander pred; (= annoyed) ärgerlich, aufgebracht (about über +acc); (= hurt) gekränkt, verletzt (about über +acc)

    she was pretty upset about it — das ist ihr ziemlich nahegegangen, das hat sie ziemlich mitgenommen (inf)

    she was upset about the news/that he'd left her — es hat sie ziemlich mitgenommen, als sie das hörte/dass er sie verlassen hat (inf)

    we were very upset to hear about her illness —

    don't look so upset, they'll come back — guck doch nicht so traurig, sie kommen ja zurück

    would you be upset if I decided not to go after all? — wärst du traurig or würdest dus tragisch nehmen, wenn ich doch nicht ginge?

    I'd be very upset if... — ich wäre sehr traurig or betrübt wenn...

    she'd be upset if I used a word like that — sie wäre entsetzt, wenn ich so etwas sagen würde

    to get upset — sich aufregen (about über +acc )

    don't get upset about it, you'll find another — nimm das noch nicht so tragisch, du findest bestimmt einen anderen

    to sound/look upset — verstört klingen/aussehen

    2) ['ʌpset]
    stomach verstimmt, verdorben attr

    to have an upset stomach — sich (dat) den Magen verdorben haben, eine Magenverstimmung haben

    4. n
    ['ʌpset]
    1) (= disturbance) Störung f; (emotional) Aufregung f; (inf = quarrel) Verstimmung f, Ärger m; (= unexpected defeat etc) unliebsame or böse Überraschung

    children don't like upsets in their routine —

    2)

    stomach upset — Magenverstimmung f, verdorbener Magen

    * * *
    upset1 [ʌpˈset]
    A adj
    1. umgestürzt, umgekippt
    2. durcheinandergeworfen oder -geraten
    3. fig aufgeregt, außer Fassung, aus dem Gleichgewicht gebracht, durcheinander
    4. verstimmt (auch Magen):
    upset stomach auch Magenverstimmung f
    B v/t irr
    1. umwerfen, umstürzen, umkippen, umstoßen: → academic.ru/3233/applecart">applecart
    2. ein Boot zum Kentern bringen
    3. fig einen Plan umstoßen, über den Haufen werfen, vereiteln:
    upset all predictions alle Vorhersagen auf den Kopf stellen
    4. eine Regierung stürzen
    5. fig jemanden umwerfen, aus der Fassung bringen, durcheinanderbringen
    6. in Unordnung bringen, durcheinanderbringen:
    the fish has upset me ( oder my stomach) ich habe mir durch den Fisch den Magen verdorben
    7. TECH stauchen
    C v/i
    1. umkippen, umstürzen
    2. umschlagen, kentern (Boot)
    D s [ˈʌpset]
    1. Umkippen n
    2. Umschlagen n, Kentern n
    3. Sturz m, Fall m
    4. Umsturz m
    5. fig Vereit(e)lung f
    6. Unordnung f, Durcheinander n
    7. Ärger m, (auch Magen) Verstimmung f
    8. Streit m, Meinungsverschiedenheit f
    9. SPORT umg Überraschung f (unerwartete Niederlage etc)
    10. TECH Stauchung f
    upset2 adj an-, festgesetzt:
    upset price bes US Mindestpreis m (bei Versteigerungen)
    * * *
    1. transitive verb,
    -tt-, upset
    1) (overturn) umkippen; (accidentally) umstoßen [Tasse, Vase, Milch usw.]
    2) (distress) erschüttern; mitnehmen (ugs.); (disturb the composure or temper of) aus der Fassung bringen; (shock, make angry, excite) aufregen
    4) (disorganize) stören; durcheinander bringen [Plan, Berechnung, Arrangement]
    2. intransitive verb,
    -tt-, upset umkippen
    3. adjective
    1) (overturned) umgekippt
    2) (distressed) bestürzt; (agitated) aufgeregt; (unhappy) unglücklich; (put out) aufgebracht; verärgert; (offended) gekränkt

    be upset [about something] — (be distressed) [über etwas (Akk.)] bestürzt sein; (be angry) sich [über etwas (Akk.)] ärgern

    get upset [about/over something] — sich [über etwas (Akk.)] aufregen

    there's no point in getting upset about it — es hat keinen Sinn, sich darüber aufzuregen

    4. noun
    1) (overturning) Umkippen, das
    2) (agitation) Aufregung, die; (shock) Schock, der; (annoyance) Verärgerung, die
    3) (slight quarrel) Missstimmung, die
    4) (slight illness) Unpäßlichkeit, die

    digestive/stomach upset — Verdauungsstörung, die/Magenverstimmung, die

    5) (disturbance) Zwischenfall, der; (confusion, upheaval) Aufruhr, der
    6) (surprising result) Überraschung, die
    * * *
    v.
    umwerfen v. adj.
    bestürzt adj.
    umstürzen adj.

    English-german dictionary > upset

  • 13 upset

    past tense, past participle; see upset
    upset1 adj afectado / disgustado / molesto
    upset2 vb
    1. volcar / derramar
    be careful, you'll upset the boat cuidado, vas a volcar la barca
    2. afectar / disgustar
    3. desbaratar
    tr[ (adj-vb) ʌp'set; (n) 'ʌpset]
    1 (angry) disgustado,-a, contrariado,-a, enfadado,-a
    2 (mentally or physically) trastornado,-a; (worried) preocupado,-a
    3 (nerves) desquiciado,-a; (a little unwell) indispuesto,-a
    4 (stomach) trastornado,-a
    5 (overturned) volcado,-a; (spoiled) desbaratado,-a
    1 (reversal) revés nombre masculino, contratiempo, vuelco; (slight ailment) indisposición nombre femenino, malestar nombre masculino
    2 (emotion, stomach, etc) trastorno; (plans etc) trastorno, perturbación nombre femenino
    3 (trouble, difficulty) molestia, dificultad nombre femenino
    4 (sport) un resultado inesperado
    transitive verb (pt & pp upset tr[ʌp'set], ger upsetting)
    1 (overturn) volcar; (capsize) hacer zozobrar
    2 (spill) derramar
    3 (shock) trastornar
    4 (person) contrariar; (worry) preocupar; (displease) disgustar
    5 (stomach) trastornar, sentar mal
    6 (plans) desbaratar
    7 (to cause disorder) desordenar, revolver, poner patas arriba
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    upset price SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL precio de salida, precio inicial
    upset [.ʌp'sɛt] vt, - set ; - setting
    1) overturn: volcar
    2) spill: derramar
    3) disturb: perturbar, disgustar, inquietar, alterar
    4) sicken: sentar mal a
    it upsets my stomach: me sienta mal al estómago
    5) disrupt: trastornar, desbaratar (planes, etc.)
    6) defeat: derrotar (en deportes)
    upset adj
    1) displeased, distressed: disgustado, alterado
    2)
    to have an upset stomach : estar mal del estómago, estar descompuesto (de estómago)
    upset ['ʌp.sɛt] n
    1) overturning: vuelco m
    2) disruption: trastorno m (de planes, etc.)
    3) defeat: derrota f (en deportes)
    v.
    • contrariar v.
    • desarreglar v.
    • desconcertar v.
    • desentablar v.
    • desquiciar v.
    • destemplar v.
    • empachar v.
    • encharcar v.
    • enfermar v.
    • entornar v.
    • estomagar v.
    • indisponer v.
    • molestar v.
    • perturbar v.
    • remover v.
    • trasegar v.
    • trastonar v.
    • trastornar v.
    • turbar v.
    adj.
    • alterado, -a adj.
    • disgustado, -a adj.
    • indispuesto, -a adj.
    • perturbado, -a adj.
    • preocupado, -a adj.
    n.
    • contratiempo s.m.
    • destemple s.m.
    • perturbación s.f.
    • revuelco s.m.
    • trabucación s.f.
    • trasiego s.m.
    • trastorno s.m.
    • vuelco s.m.

    I 'ʌp'set
    1) (unhappy, hurt) disgustado; ( distressed) alterado; ( offended) ofendido; ( disappointed) desilusionado
    2) ( Med)

    I have an upset stomach — estoy or ando mal del estómago, estoy descompuesto (del estómago) (esp AmL)


    II 'ʌp'set
    transitive verb (pres p upsetting; past & past p upset)
    1) ( hurt) disgustar; ( distress) alterar, afectar; ( offend) ofender
    2) ( make ill)

    it upsets my stomach — me cae mal, me sienta mal (al estómago)

    3)
    a) ( throw into disorder) \<\<plans/calculations\>\> desbaratar, trastornar
    b) ( knock over) \<\<jug/boat\>\> volcar*; \<\<milk/contents\>\> derramar

    III 'ʌpset
    1) c u
    a) (disturbance, upheaval) trastorno m

    a big upset to their plans — un gran revés or contratiempo para sus planes

    b) ( emotional trouble) disgusto m
    2) c ( surprise result) (Pol, Sport) sorpresa f
    3) c ( Med)

    to have a stomach upset — estar* mal del estómago, estar* descompuesto del estómago (esp AmL)

    (vb: pt, pp upset)
    1. VT
    [ʌp'set]
    1) (=knock over) [+ object] volcar, tirar; [+ liquid] derramar, tirar; [+ boat] volcar
    - upset the applecart
    2) (=distress) afectar; (=hurt, make sad) disgustar; (=offend) ofender, disgustar

    • people who are easily upset may prefer not to watch — puede que las personas que se impresionen fácilmente prefieran no mirar

    • to upset o.s., you'll only upset yourself if you see him — no harás más que cogerte un disgusto si te ves con él

    there now, don't upset yourself — venga, no te disgustes

    3) (=disrupt) [+ plans, calculations] dar al traste con, desbaratar
    4) (=make ill) sentar mal a, enfermar (LAm)

    garlic upsets me/my stomach — el ajo no me sienta bien

    2. ADJ
    1) [ʌp'set]
    (=distressed) alterado; (=hurt, sad) disgustado; (=offended) ofendido, disgustado; (=annoyed) molesto

    he's upset that you didn't tell him — se disgustó or se molestó porque no se lo dijiste

    • she's upset about failing — está disgustada por haber suspendido

    what are you so upset about? — ¿qué es lo que te ha disgustado tanto?

    • to get upset — (=distressed) alterarse; (=hurt) disgustarse; (=offended) ofenderse; (=annoyed) enfadarse

    don't get upset, they didn't take anything — no te alteres, no se llevaron nada

    she gets upset when she sees anyone suffering — la afecta mucho ver a alguien sufriendo, lo pasa muy mal or sufre mucho si ve a alguien sufriendo

    he gets very upset if I don't ring him every day — se pone fatal or lo pasa fatal si no lo llamo todos los días *

    2) ['ʌpset]
    (=sick)

    • I have an upset stomach — tengo el estómago revuelto

    3. N
    ['ʌpset]
    1) (=disturbance) contratiempo m
    2) (Sport, Pol) (=unexpected result) derrota f sorpresa
    3) (=illness) malestar m

    • stomach upset — malestar m de estómago

    4.
    ['ʌpset]
    CPD

    upset price N — (esp Scot, US) precio m mínimo, precio m de reserva

    * * *

    I ['ʌp'set]
    1) (unhappy, hurt) disgustado; ( distressed) alterado; ( offended) ofendido; ( disappointed) desilusionado
    2) ( Med)

    I have an upset stomach — estoy or ando mal del estómago, estoy descompuesto (del estómago) (esp AmL)


    II ['ʌp'set]
    transitive verb (pres p upsetting; past & past p upset)
    1) ( hurt) disgustar; ( distress) alterar, afectar; ( offend) ofender
    2) ( make ill)

    it upsets my stomach — me cae mal, me sienta mal (al estómago)

    3)
    a) ( throw into disorder) \<\<plans/calculations\>\> desbaratar, trastornar
    b) ( knock over) \<\<jug/boat\>\> volcar*; \<\<milk/contents\>\> derramar

    III ['ʌpset]
    1) c u
    a) (disturbance, upheaval) trastorno m

    a big upset to their plans — un gran revés or contratiempo para sus planes

    b) ( emotional trouble) disgusto m
    2) c ( surprise result) (Pol, Sport) sorpresa f
    3) c ( Med)

    to have a stomach upset — estar* mal del estómago, estar* descompuesto del estómago (esp AmL)

    English-spanish dictionary > upset

  • 14 mental

    adjective
    1) geistig; seelisch [Belastung, Labilität]; Geistes[zustand, -störung, -verfassung]

    mental process — Denkprozess, -vorgang, der

    2) (Brit. coll.): (mad) verrückt (salopp); bekloppt (salopp)
    * * *
    ['mentl]
    1) (of the mind: mental illnesses/disorders.) seelisch
    2) (done or made by the mind: mental arithmetic; a mental picture.) geistig
    3) (for those who are ill in mind: a mental hospital.) Nerven-...
    4) (suffering from an illness of the mind: a mental patient.) geisteskrank
    •
    - academic.ru/46204/mentality">mentality
    - mentally
    * * *
    men·tal
    [ˈmentəl, AM also -t̬-]
    adj inv
    1. (of the mind) geistig, mental
    \mental acrobatics Gedankenakrobatik f
    \mental image [or picture] geistiges Bild
    \mental powers Geisteskräfte pl, mentale Kräfte
    \mental process Denkprozess m
    to have \mental reservations [about sb/sth] [wegen einer Person/einer S. gen] Bedenken haben
    \mental retardation geistige Behinderung
    2. (psychological) psychisch, seelisch
    to suffer a [complete [or total]] \mental collapse [or breakdown] einen [völligen] Nervenzusammenbruch erleiden
    \mental cruelty seelische Grausamkeit
    \mental illness Geisteskrankheit f
    \mental state seelische Verfassung
    3. ( fam: crazy) verrückt fam, übergeschnappt fam
    ▪ to be \mental about sth nach etw dat verrückt sein fam, SCHWEIZ a. von etw dat angefressen sein fam
    * * *
    ['mentl]
    adj
    1) geistig; strain psychisch; cruelty seelisch

    mental process — geistiger or gedanklicher Prozess, Denkvorgang m

    the causes are mental not physical — die Ursachen sind eher psychischer als physischer Natur

    he still shows great mental agility — er ist geistig noch immer sehr rege

    2) (inf: mad) übergeschnappt (inf)

    to go mental — verrückt werden, durchdrehen (inf)

    * * *
    mental1 [ˈmentl] adj ANAT, ZOOL mental, Kinn…
    mental2 [ˈmentl]
    A adj (adv → mentally)
    1. geistig, innerlich, intellektuell, Geistes…:
    mental arithmetic Kopfrechnen n;
    make a mental note of sth sich etwas (vor)merken;
    mental power Geisteskraft f;
    mental reservation geheimer Vorbehalt, Mentalreservation f;
    mental state Geisteszustand m;
    mental test psychologischer Test;
    2. (geistig-)seelisch, psychisch (Gesundheit etc):
    mental hygiene Psychohygiene f
    3. a) geisteskrank, -gestört:
    mental disease, mental illness Geisteskrankheit f;
    mental handicap geistige Behinderung;
    mental hospital, mental institution psychiatrische Klinik, Nervenklinik f;
    mental patient Geisteskranke(r) m/f(m)
    b) umg verrückt:
    go mental überschnappen
    B s umg Verrückte(r) m/f(m)
    * * *
    adjective
    1) geistig; seelisch [Belastung, Labilität]; Geistes[zustand, -störung, -verfassung]

    mental process — Denkprozess, -vorgang, der

    2) (Brit. coll.): (mad) verrückt (salopp); bekloppt (salopp)
    * * *
    (emotional) strain n.
    seelische Belastung f. adj.
    geistig adj. n.
    seelisch adj.

    English-german dictionary > mental

  • 15 shock

    I
    1. ʃok noun
    1) (a severe emotional disturbance: The news gave us all a shock.) conmoción, golpe
    2) ((often electric shock) the effect on the body of an electric current: He got a slight shock when he touched the live wire.) descarga
    3) (a sudden blow coming with great force: the shock of an earthquake.) choque, impacto, golpe
    4) (a medical condition caused by a severe mental or physical shock: He was suffering from shock after the crash.) shock, choque

    2. verb
    (to give a shock to; to upset or horrify: Everyone was shocked by his death; The amount of violence shown on television shocks me.) conmocionar, conmover, afectar
    - shocking
    - shockingly
    - shock-absorber
    II ʃok noun
    (a bushy mass (of hair) on a person's head.) mata
    shock1 n
    1. golpe
    2. susto
    3. descarga eléctrica / calambre
    don't touch that wire, you'll get a shock no toques ese cable, te dará un calambre
    shock2 vb
    1. afectar / conmover / trastornar
    2. escandalizar

    shock /ʃok/ sustantivo masculino
    a) (Med) shock;

    shock m (choque, impresión) shock ' shock' also found in these entries: Spanish: amortiguador - batatazo - calambre - choque - conmoción - electrochoque - electroshock - escandalizar - escopetazo - espanto - impactar - impresión - impresionar - rebotar - rehacerse - sacudir - sacudida - turbar - balde - chingar - chocar - corriente - descarga - onda - patada - toque English: culture shock - electric shock - fall back - rude - set out - shock - shock absorber - shock tactics - shock therapy - shock treatment - shock wave - suffer - a - absorb - bloody - culture - devastating - electric - fright - get - give - scare - shake - shell - stun
    tr[ʃɒk]
    1 (jolt, blow) choque nombre masculino, impacto, golpe nombre masculino; (of explosion etc) sacudida; (electric) descarga
    2 (upset, distress) conmoción nombre femenino, golpe nombre masculino; (fright, scare) susto
    3 SMALLMEDICINE/SMALL shock nombre masculino, choque nombre masculino
    1 (upset) conmocionar, conmover, afectar, sacudir
    2 (startle) asustar, sorprender, sobresaltar; (scandalize) escandalizar, horrorizar
    1 impresionar, impactar
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    shock therapy / shock treatment electrochoque nombre masculino
    shock troops tropas nombre femenino plural de choque, tropas nombre femenino plural de asalto
    shock wave onda expansiva
    ————————
    tr[ʃɒk]
    1 (of corn) fajina
    ————————
    tr[ʃɒk]
    1 (of hair) mata
    shock ['ʃɑk] vt
    1) upset: conmover, conmocionar
    2) startle: asustar, sobresaltar
    3) scandalize: escandalizar
    4) : darle una descarga eléctrica a
    1) collision, jolt: choque m, sacudida f
    2) upset: conmoción f, golpe m emocional
    3) : shock m (en medicina)
    4) or electric shock : descarga f eléctrica
    5) sheaves: gavillas fpl
    6)
    shock of hair : mata f de pelo
    n.
    • choque s.m.
    • conmoción s.f.
    • conmoción desagradable s.f.
    • golpe s.m.
    • greña s.f.
    • hacina s.f.
    • impacto (Física) s.m.
    • sacudida s.f.
    • shock s.m.
    • sobresalto s.m.
    • susto s.m.
    v.
    • chocar v.
    • conmover v.
    • sobresaltar v.
    ʃɑːk, ʃɒk
    I
    1) c
    a) ( of impact) choque m, impacto m; (of earthquake, explosion) sacudida f
    b) ( electric shock) descarga f (eléctrica), golpe m de corriente

    I got a shock — me dio una descarga or un golpe de corriente, me dio corriente

    2)
    a) u ( Med) shock m

    to be in (a state of) shock — estar* en estado de shock

    b) u c (distress, surprise) shock m, impresión f

    to get a shock — llevarse un shock or una impresión

    he's in for a shock when he finds out — se va a llevar un shock cuando se entere; (before n) (journ)

    a shock announcement — un anuncio sorprendente, un bombazo (fam)

    c) ( scare) susto m
    3) c ( bushy mass)

    II
    1.
    transitive verb (stun, appal) horrorizar*; ( scandalize) escandalizar*, horrorizar*; ( scare) asustar

    my mother is easily shocked — mi madre se escandaliza or se horroriza por cualquier cosa


    2.
    vi impactar, impresionar

    I [ʃɒk]
    1. N
    1) (emotional) conmoción f, golpe m, impresión f ; (=start) susto m

    to come as a shock — resultar sorprendente or asombroso, causar estupefacción

    it comes as a shock to hear that... — resulta sorprendente or asombroso saber que..., causa estupefacción saber que...

    frankly, this has all come as a bit of a shock — con toda franqueza, para mí esto ha sido un duro golpe

    to get a shock — llevarse or pegarse un susto

    what a shock you gave me! — ¡qué susto me diste!, ¡me has asustado!

    2) (lit) (=impact) sacudida f ; (fig) (=shakeup) choque m, sacudida f

    it was a shock to the establishment — sacudió el sistema, fue un serio golpe para el sistema

    3) (Elec) descarga f
    4) (Med) shock m, postración f nerviosa

    • to be suffering from shock, be in (a state of) shock — estar en estado de shock, padecer una postración nerviosa

    5) shocks * (Aut) (also: shock absorbers) amortiguadores mpl
    2. VT
    1) (=startle) sobresaltar, asustar
    2) (=affect emotionally) (=upset) conmover, chocar; (=offend) escandalizar
    3.
    VI causar escándalo, chocar
    4.
    CPD

    shock absorber N — (Aut) amortiguador m

    shock jock * N — (esp US) presentador(a) polémico/a de coloquios radiofónicos abiertos al público

    shock tactics NPL — (lit) (Mil) táctica fsing de choque; (fig) provocación f

    to use shock tactics — (fig) recurrir a la provocación, provocar

    shock therapy, shock treatment N — (Med) (also: electric shock treatment) tratamiento m por electrochoque

    shock troops NPL — guardias mpl de asalto

    shock wave N — onda f de choque


    II
    [ʃɒk]
    N (also: shock of hair) mata f de pelo
    III [ʃɒk] (Agr)
    1.
    N tresnal m, garbera f
    2.
    * * *
    [ʃɑːk, ʃɒk]
    I
    1) c
    a) ( of impact) choque m, impacto m; (of earthquake, explosion) sacudida f
    b) ( electric shock) descarga f (eléctrica), golpe m de corriente

    I got a shock — me dio una descarga or un golpe de corriente, me dio corriente

    2)
    a) u ( Med) shock m

    to be in (a state of) shock — estar* en estado de shock

    b) u c (distress, surprise) shock m, impresión f

    to get a shock — llevarse un shock or una impresión

    he's in for a shock when he finds out — se va a llevar un shock cuando se entere; (before n) (journ)

    a shock announcement — un anuncio sorprendente, un bombazo (fam)

    c) ( scare) susto m
    3) c ( bushy mass)

    II
    1.
    transitive verb (stun, appal) horrorizar*; ( scandalize) escandalizar*, horrorizar*; ( scare) asustar

    my mother is easily shocked — mi madre se escandaliza or se horroriza por cualquier cosa


    2.
    vi impactar, impresionar

    English-spanish dictionary > shock

  • 16 stark

    I Adj.
    1. allg. strong (auch Ähnlichkeit, Argument, Band, Brille, Eindruck, Gefühl, Geruch, Geschmack, Getränk, Gift, Glaube, Licht, Nerven, Parfüm, Verdacht, Vorurteil, Wille etc.); Gegner, Kandidat, Motor, Organisation, Stellung: auch powerful; (kräftig) Mensch: strong; Sache: auch robust, sturdy; (mächtig) powerful; das starke Geschlecht umg. the stronger sex; starkes Mittel MED. strong ( oder potent) medication; starke Seite fig. strong point, strength, forte; sich stark machen für stand up for; den starken Mann markieren, den starken Maxe spielen umg. try to act tough; Politik der starken Hand heavy-handed policy, strongarm tactics Pl.; starke Truppenverbände strong ( oder large) troop units; eine 200 Mann starke Kompanie a company of 200 men, a 200 strong company; sie waren 200 Mann stark they were 200 men strong; etwas Starkes trinken umg. drink some hard stuff
    2. (beleibt) stout; (dick) Wand etc.: thick; er ist stärker geworden he’s put on weight; für die stärkere Frau oder Figur euph. for the fuller figure; das Buch ist 600 Seiten stark the book is 600 pages long; 5 mm starker Karton cardboard 5 mm thick; das Seil ist 4 cm stark the rope is 4 cm thick
    3. (intensiv) intense; (heftig) violent; Erkältung, Raucher, Regen, Trinker, Verkehr etc.: heavy; Frost, Schmerzen, Anfall etc.: severe; einen starken Haarwuchs haben (dichtes Haar) have thick hair; (schnell wachsend) have a luxuriant growth of hair; starker Beifall loud applause; starke Nachfrage great ( oder heavy) demand; starker Esser big ( oder hearty) eater; starkes Fieber a high temperature; starke Schmerzen severe ( oder intense) pain; die Schmerzen sind stark auch the pain is very bad; starke Schmerzen haben be in severe pain; starke Übertreibung gross exaggeration; ein Film der starken Gefühle a film of intense emotions, an intensely emotional film
    4. umg., iro. (schlimm) bad; das ist ( wirklich) stark! oder das ist ein starkes Stück! that’s pretty rich, that’s a bit thick; da hast du dir aber ein starkes Stück geleistet! you’ve really gone and done it (this time)!
    5. (gut) good; umg. (großartig) great; ein starker Film auch a brilliant film; Roths stärkster Roman Roth’s best ( oder strongest) novel; eine starke Leistung a fine performance; stark in der Abwehr SPORT strong in defen|ce (Am. -se); der stärkste Spieler auf dem Platz the best player on the pitch (Am. field); echt stark Sl. real cool
    6. LING., Verb etc.: strong
    II Adv.
    1. (sehr) strongly; stark befahren (STRAßE etc.) busy; stark behaart very hairy; stark benachteiligt severely handicapped; stark beschäftigt very busy; stark betont strongly stressed; stark betrunken very drunk; stark bevölkert densely populated; eine stark bevölkerte Region auch a high-population region; stark erkältet sein have a bad cold; stark gewürzt highly seasoned; stark übertrieben grossly exaggerated; stark ansteigen rise sharply; sich stark verändern change radically; stark bluten bleed heavily ( oder profusely); stark regnen rain heavily, pour; stark riechen have a strong smell; stark trinken / rauchen be a heavy drinker / smoker; stark wirken have a strong effect; stark wirkend Medikament etc.: powerful; jemanden stark im Verdacht haben have strong suspicions about s.o.; stark auf Mitternacht / die 70 zugehen umg. be fast approaching midnight / 70
    2. (gut) well; sie hat stark gespielt SPORT she played really well ( stärker: brilliantly); umg. MUS. her playing (THEAT. her acting) was great; unheimlich stark aussehen / singen umg. look really great ( oder fantastic) / sing incredibly well
    * * *
    super; powerful; heavy; strong; intense; mighty; great
    * * *
    stạrk [ʃtark]
    1. adj comp - er
    ['ʃtɛrkɐ] superl -ste(r, s) ['ʃtɛrkstə]
    1) (= kräftig, konzentriert) strong (AUCH GRAM); (= mächtig) Stimme, Staat, Partei strong, powerful

    stark bleiben — to be strong; (im Glauben) to hold firm

    See:
    2) (= dick) thick; (euph = korpulent) Dame, Herr large, well-built (euph); Arme, Beine large, strong (euph)
    3) (= beträchtlich, heftig) Schmerzen, Kälte intense; Frost severe, heavy; Regen, Schneefall, Verkehr, Raucher, Trinker, Druck heavy; Sturm violent; Erkältung bad, heavy; Wind, Strömung, Eindruck strong; Appetit, Esser hearty; Beifall hearty, loud; Fieber, Nachfrage high; Trauer, Schmerz deep; Übertreibung, Widerhall, Bedenken considerable, great
    4) (= leistungsfähig) Motor powerful; Sportler able; Mannschaft, Brille, Arznei strong
    5) (= zahlreich) Auflage, Gefolge large; Nachfrage great, big
    6) (inf = hervorragend) Leistung, Werk great (inf)
    2. adv comp - er
    ['ʃtɛrkɐ] superl am -sten
    1) (mit vb) a lot; (mit adj, ptp) very; applaudieren loudly; pressen, drücken, ziehen hard; regnen heavily; rauchen a lot, heavily; beeindrucken greatly; vertreten, dagegen sein strongly; abgenutzt, beschmutzt, beschädigt, entzündet etc badly; bluten profusely; vergrößert, verkleinert greatly

    stark wirkend (Medikament, Alkohol) — potent

    Frauen sind stärker vertreten —

    2) (inf = hervorragend) really well
    * * *
    1) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) hard
    3) (doing something to a great extent: He's a heavy smoker/drinker.) heavy
    4) ((of a wind) strong: The wind is high tonight.) high
    5) (powerful; strong: a potent drink.) potent
    7) (firm, sound, or powerful, and therefore not easily broken, destroyed, attacked, defeated, resisted, or affected by weariness, illness etc: strong furniture; a strong castle; a strong wind; She's a strong swimmer; He has a very strong will/personality; He has never been very strong (= healthy); He is not strong enough to lift that heavy table.) strong
    8) (very noticeable; very intense: a strong colour; a strong smell.) strong
    9) (containing a large amount of the flavouring ingredient: strong tea.) strong
    10) ((of a group, force etc) numbering a particular amount: An army 20,000 strong was advancing towards the town.) strong
    * * *
    <stärker, stärkste>
    [ʃtark]
    I. adj
    1. (kraftvoll) strong
    ein \starker Händedruck a powerful grip
    \starke Muskeln strong muscles, brawn no pl
    2. (mächtig) powerful, strong
    3. (unbeugsam) Charakter, Wille strong
    4. (dick) Ast, Schnur, Wand thick
    ein 500 Seiten \starkes Buch a book of 500 pages
    die Veranstaltung erfreute sich einer \starken Beteiligung a large number of people took part in the event
    \starke Nachfrage great demand
    120 Mann \stark sein to be 120 strong, to number 120
    8. (euph: korpulent) large euph, well-built euph
    stärker werden to put on weight
    \starke Ähnlichkeit strong resemblance
    \starker Raucher/Trinker heavy smoker/drinker
    10. (gehaltvoll, wirksam) Kaffee, Zigaretten strong
    \starke Drogen/ \starker Schnaps strong [or hard] drugs/schnapps
    \starke Medikamente strong [or potent] medicines
    11. (heftig, intensiv) severe, heavy
    \starker Druck high pressure
    ein \starker Erdstoß a heavy seismic shock
    \starker Frost severe [or heavy] frost
    \starke Hitze/Kälte intense [or severe] heat/cold
    \starke Regenfälle/Schneefälle heavy rainfall no pl/snowfall[s]
    \starke Schwüle oppressive sultriness
    \starke Strömung strong [or forceful] current
    \starker Sturm violent storm
    12. (kräftig, laut) loud
    \starker Applaus hearty [or loud] applause
    ein \starker Aufprall/Schlag/Stoß a hard [or heavy] impact/blow/knock
    ein \starkes Rauschen a [loud] roar[ing]
    13. (schlimm) severe
    \starke Entzündung/Vereiterung severe inflammation/suppuration
    eine \starke Erkältung a bad [or heavy] cold
    \starkes Fieber a bad [or high] fever
    eine \starke Grippe/Kolik a bad case of [the fam] flu/colic
    \starke Krämpfe bad [or severe] cramps
    \starker Schmerz severe [or intense] pain
    14. (tief empfunden) Eindruck, Gefühle intense, strong
    \starke Bedenken considerable reservations
    \starke Liebe deep [or profound] love
    15. (leistungsfähig) Glühbirne, Motor powerful; Herz, Nerven strong; Brille strong
    16. (fähig) Gegner strong; Schüler, Sportler a. able
    in etw dat \stark sein to be strong in sth
    meiner Meinung nach war sein letztes Buch sein bisher stärkstes in my opinion his last book was his best up to now
    18. (sl: hervorragend) great fam
    19. (fam: dreist)
    das ist \stark! that's a bit much! fam; s.a. Stück
    20. LING Deklination, Konjugation strong
    II. adv
    1. (heftig) heavily
    gestern hat es \stark gestürmt there was a heavy [or violent] storm yesterday
    \stark regnen/schneien to rain/snow heavily [or a lot
    2. (in höherem Maße) greatly, a lot
    die Ausstellung war \stark besucht there were a lot of visitors to the exhibition
    sich akk an etw dat \stark beteiligen to be heavily involved [or to play a big part] in sth
    \stark betrunken sein to be very drunk
    \stark gekauft werden to sell extremely well [or fam like hot cakes]
    sich akk \stark langweilen to be bored stiff [or BRIT rigid] fam
    \stark übertreiben to greatly [or grossly] exaggerate
    \stark vertreten strongly represented
    3. (schlimm) severely
    \stark beschädigt badly [or considerably] damaged
    \stark bluten to bleed profusely [or heavily]
    \stark erkältet sein to have a bad [or heavy] cold
    4. (kräftig) hard
    du musst stärker drücken you must push harder
    \stark applaudieren to applaud loudly [or heartily
    zu \stark gesalzen too salty
    \stark gewürzt highly spiced
    6. (sl: hervorragend) really well
    * * *
    1.
    ; stärker, stärkst... Adjektiv
    1) strong <man, current, structure, team, drink, verb, pressure, wind, etc.>; potent <drink, medicine, etc.>; powerful <engine, lens, voice, etc.>; (ausgezeichnet) excellent <runner, player, performance>

    sich für jemanden/etwas stark machen — (ugs.) throw one's weight behind somebody/something; s. auch Seite 4); Stück 3)

    2) (dick) thick; stout <rope, string>; (verhüll.): (korpulent) well-built (euphem.)
    3) (zahlenmäßig groß, umfangreich) sizeable, large <army, police>; big < demand>
    4) (heftig, intensiv) heavy <rain, snow, traffic, smoke, heat, cold, drinker, smoker, demand, pressure>; severe <frost, pain>; strong <impression, influence, current, resistance, dislike>; grave <doubt, reservations>; great <exaggeration, interest>; hearty <eater, appetite>; loud < applause>
    5) (Jugendspr.): (großartig) great (coll.); fantastic (coll.)
    2.
    1) (sehr, überaus, intensiv) (mit Adj.) very; heavily <indebted, stressed>; greatly <increased, reduced, enlarged>; strongly <emphasized, characterized>; badly <damaged, worn, affected>; (mit Verb) <rain, snow, drink, smoke, bleed> heavily; <exaggerate, impress> greatly; <enlarge, reduce, increase> considerably; <support, oppose, suspect> strongly; < remind> very much

    stark riechen/duften — have a strong smell/scent

    es ist stark/zu stark gesalzen — it is very/too salty

    er geht stark auf die Sechzig zu — (ugs.) he's pushing sixty (coll.)

    2) (Jugendspr.): (großartig) fantastically (coll.)
    3) (Sprachw.)

    stark flektieren od. flektiert werden — be a strong noun/verb

    * * *
    A. adj
    1. allg strong (auch Ähnlichkeit, Argument, Band, Brille, Eindruck, Gefühl, Geruch, Geschmack, Getränk, Gift, Glaube, Licht, Nerven, Parfüm, Verdacht, Vorurteil, Wille etc); Gegner, Kandidat, Motor, Organisation, Stellung: auch powerful; (kräftig) Mensch: strong; Sache: auch robust, sturdy; (mächtig) powerful;
    das starke Geschlecht umg the stronger sex;
    starkes Mittel MED strong ( oder potent) medication;
    starke Seite fig strong point, strength, forte;
    den starken Mann markieren, den starken Maxe spielen umg try to act tough;
    Politik der starken Hand heavy-handed policy, strongarm tactics pl;
    starke Truppenverbände strong ( oder large) troop units;
    eine 200 Mann starke Kompanie a company of 200 men, a 200 strong company;
    sie waren 200 Mann stark they were 200 men strong;
    etwas Starkes trinken umg drink some hard stuff
    2. (beleibt) stout; (dick) Wand etc: thick;
    er ist stärker geworden he’s put on weight;
    Figur euph for the fuller figure;
    das Buch ist 600 Seiten stark the book is 600 pages long;
    5 mm starker Karton cardboard 5 mm thick;
    das Seil ist 4 cm stark the rope is 4 cm thick
    3. (intensiv) intense; (heftig) violent; Erkältung, Raucher, Regen, Trinker, Verkehr etc: heavy; Frost, Schmerzen, Anfall etc: severe;
    einen starken Haarwuchs haben (dichtes Haar) have thick hair; (schnell wachsend) have a luxuriant growth of hair;
    starker Beifall loud applause;
    starke Nachfrage great ( oder heavy) demand;
    starker Esser big ( oder hearty) eater;
    starkes Fieber a high temperature;
    starke Schmerzen severe ( oder intense) pain;
    die Schmerzen sind stark auch the pain is very bad;
    starke Schmerzen haben be in severe pain;
    starke Übertreibung gross exaggeration;
    ein Film der starken Gefühle a film of intense emotions, an intensely emotional film
    4. umg, iron (schlimm) bad;
    das ist (wirklich) stark! oder
    das ist ein starkes Stück! that’s pretty rich, that’s a bit thick;
    da hast du dir aber ein starkes Stück geleistet! you’ve really gone and done it (this time)!
    5. (gut) good; umg (großartig) great;
    ein starker Film auch a brilliant film;
    Roths stärkster Roman Roth’s best ( oder strongest) novel;
    eine starke Leistung a fine performance;
    stark in der Abwehr SPORT strong in defence (US -se);
    der stärkste Spieler auf dem Platz the best player on the pitch (US field);
    echt stark sl real cool
    6. LING, Verb etc: strong
    B. adv
    1. (sehr) strongly;
    stark befahren (Straße etc) busy;
    stark behaart very hairy;
    stark benachteiligt severely handicapped;
    stark beschäftigt very busy;
    stark betont strongly stressed;
    stark betrunken very drunk;
    stark bevölkert densely populated;
    eine stark bevölkerte Region auch a high-population region;
    stark erkältet sein have a bad cold;
    stark gewürzt highly seasoned;
    stark übertrieben grossly exaggerated;
    stark ansteigen rise sharply;
    sich stark verändern change radically;
    stark bluten bleed heavily ( oder profusely);
    stark regnen rain heavily, pour;
    stark riechen have a strong smell;
    stark trinken/rauchen be a heavy drinker/smoker;
    stark wirken have a strong effect;
    stark wirkend Medikament etc: powerful;
    jemanden stark im Verdacht haben have strong suspicions about sb;
    stark auf Mitternacht/die 70 zugehen umg be fast approaching midnight/70
    2. (gut) well;
    sie hat stark gespielt SPORT she played really well ( stärker: brilliantly); umg MUS her playing (THEAT her acting) was great;
    unheimlich stark aussehen/singen umg look really great ( oder fantastic)/sing incredibly well
    …stark im adj
    nervenstark with strong nerves;
    saugstark with powerful suction
    mitgliederstark with a large number of members
    3. (gut)
    gedächtnisstark with a good memory;
    konzentrationsstark with good powers of concentration;
    kopfballstark good at heading the ball
    * * *
    1.
    ; stärker, stärkst... Adjektiv
    1) strong <man, current, structure, team, drink, verb, pressure, wind, etc.>; potent <drink, medicine, etc.>; powerful <engine, lens, voice, etc.>; (ausgezeichnet) excellent <runner, player, performance>

    sich für jemanden/etwas stark machen — (ugs.) throw one's weight behind somebody/something; s. auch Seite 4); Stück 3)

    2) (dick) thick; stout <rope, string>; (verhüll.): (korpulent) well-built (euphem.)
    3) (zahlenmäßig groß, umfangreich) sizeable, large <army, police>; big < demand>
    4) (heftig, intensiv) heavy <rain, snow, traffic, smoke, heat, cold, drinker, smoker, demand, pressure>; severe <frost, pain>; strong <impression, influence, current, resistance, dislike>; grave <doubt, reservations>; great <exaggeration, interest>; hearty <eater, appetite>; loud < applause>
    5) (Jugendspr.): (großartig) great (coll.); fantastic (coll.)
    2.
    1) (sehr, überaus, intensiv) (mit Adj.) very; heavily <indebted, stressed>; greatly <increased, reduced, enlarged>; strongly <emphasized, characterized>; badly <damaged, worn, affected>; (mit Verb) <rain, snow, drink, smoke, bleed> heavily; <exaggerate, impress> greatly; <enlarge, reduce, increase> considerably; <support, oppose, suspect> strongly; < remind> very much

    stark riechen/duften — have a strong smell/scent

    es ist stark/zu stark gesalzen — it is very/too salty

    er geht stark auf die Sechzig zu — (ugs.) he's pushing sixty (coll.)

    2) (Jugendspr.): (großartig) fantastically (coll.)
    3) (Sprachw.)

    stark flektieren od. flektiert werden — be a strong noun/verb

    * * *
    (Regen) adj.
    heavy (rain) adj. (Umgangssprache) adj.
    awesome (US) adj. adj.
    heavy adj.
    intense adj.
    strong adj. adv.
    deeply adv.
    strongly adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > stark

  • 17 crisis

    f. s.&pl.
    crisis.
    estar en crisis to be in crisis
    crisis energética energy crisis
    crisis de identidad identity crisis
    crisis nerviosa nervous breakdown
    * * *
    1 (dificultad) crisis
    2 (ataque) fit, attack
    3 (escasez) shortage
    \
    estar en crisis to be in crisis, reach crisis point
    crisis de gobierno cabinet crisis
    crisis financiera financial crisis
    crisis nerviosa nervous breakdown
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF INV
    1) (Econ, Pol, Sociol) crisis

    • lo que está en crisis es el propio sistema — the system itself is in crisis

    • hacer crisis — to reach crisis point, come to a head

    2) (Med)

    crisis cardíaca — cardiac arrest, heart failure

    crisis epiléptica — epileptic fit, epileptic attack

    * * *
    a) ( situación grave) crisis
    b) (Med) crisis

    hacer crisis — enfermedad to become critical

    c) (period) ( remodelación ministerial) tb
    * * *
    = crisis [crises, -pl.], trough, shakeout [shake-out], crunch, slump, downswing, bust.
    Ex. An I&R service may involve itself in providing 'hotlines', that is emergency help during times of crises or when other services close down, eg evenings, weekends or public holidays.
    Ex. Public libraries have continued to expand since the trough of the 1950s.
    Ex. There will be a dramatic shakeout in librarianship but information scientists face a great opportunity to develop their skills by the opportunities afforded by the new technology.
    Ex. The author of the article 'The crunch and academic library services: a personal view' believes that inflation is one of the underlying causes of the crisis in university libraries.
    Ex. The author discusses the current upswing in paperback sales of children's books in the USA and the slump in hardback sales.
    Ex. A new solution to the problem of predicting cyclical highs and lows in the economy enables one to gauge whether an incipient economic downswing will turn out to be a slowdown in economic growth or a real recession.
    Ex. The article 'El Dorado or bust?' warns that the electronic market is changing.
    ----
    * agravar una crisis = exacerbate + crisis.
    * alcanzar proporciones de crisis = grow to + crisis proportions.
    * causar esta crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * convertirse en una crisis = grow to + a crisis.
    * crisis + aumentar = crisis + deepen.
    * crisis bursátil = market crash, stock market crash.
    * crisis crediticia = credit crunch, credit squeeze.
    * crisis de enormes proporciones = situation of crisis proportions.
    * crisis de fe = crisis of faith.
    * crisis de identidad = crisis of confidence, identity crisis, crisis in confidence.
    * crisis de la industria del libro = book crisis.
    * crisis del libro = book crisis.
    * crisis de los cuarenta = mid-life crisis, middle-age crisis, middle-age blues.
    * crisis de los siete años = seven-year itch.
    * crisis económica = financial straits, economic crisis, financial crisis, crash, bad economic times, shakeout [shake-out], financial crunch, economic slump, difficult economic times, economic depression, economic doldrums.
    * crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.
    * crisis emocional = emotional crisis.
    * crisis energética = energy crisis.
    * crisis financiera = financial crisis, financial crunch.
    * crisis medioambiental = environmental crisis.
    * crisis social = social crisis.
    * desatar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * en crisis = depressed, crisis-ridden, on the rocks.
    * enfrentarse a una crisis = face + crisis.
    * en situación de crisis = on the rocks.
    * estar sumido en una crisis = be deep in crisis.
    * gestión de crisis = crisis management.
    * hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.
    * ocasionar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * pasar una crisis = face + crisis.
    * provocar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * resolver una crisis = solve + crisis.
    * sobrevivir una crisis = survive + crisis.
    * superar una crisis = ford + crisis, survive + crisis.
    * * *
    a) ( situación grave) crisis
    b) (Med) crisis

    hacer crisis — enfermedad to become critical

    c) (period) ( remodelación ministerial) tb
    * * *
    = crisis [crises, -pl.], trough, shakeout [shake-out], crunch, slump, downswing, bust.

    Ex: An I&R service may involve itself in providing 'hotlines', that is emergency help during times of crises or when other services close down, eg evenings, weekends or public holidays.

    Ex: Public libraries have continued to expand since the trough of the 1950s.
    Ex: There will be a dramatic shakeout in librarianship but information scientists face a great opportunity to develop their skills by the opportunities afforded by the new technology.
    Ex: The author of the article 'The crunch and academic library services: a personal view' believes that inflation is one of the underlying causes of the crisis in university libraries.
    Ex: The author discusses the current upswing in paperback sales of children's books in the USA and the slump in hardback sales.
    Ex: A new solution to the problem of predicting cyclical highs and lows in the economy enables one to gauge whether an incipient economic downswing will turn out to be a slowdown in economic growth or a real recession.
    Ex: The article 'El Dorado or bust?' warns that the electronic market is changing.
    * agravar una crisis = exacerbate + crisis.
    * alcanzar proporciones de crisis = grow to + crisis proportions.
    * causar esta crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * convertirse en una crisis = grow to + a crisis.
    * crisis + aumentar = crisis + deepen.
    * crisis bursátil = market crash, stock market crash.
    * crisis crediticia = credit crunch, credit squeeze.
    * crisis de enormes proporciones = situation of crisis proportions.
    * crisis de fe = crisis of faith.
    * crisis de identidad = crisis of confidence, identity crisis, crisis in confidence.
    * crisis de la industria del libro = book crisis.
    * crisis del libro = book crisis.
    * crisis de los cuarenta = mid-life crisis, middle-age crisis, middle-age blues.
    * crisis de los siete años = seven-year itch.
    * crisis económica = financial straits, economic crisis, financial crisis, crash, bad economic times, shakeout [shake-out], financial crunch, economic slump, difficult economic times, economic depression, economic doldrums.
    * crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.
    * crisis emocional = emotional crisis.
    * crisis energética = energy crisis.
    * crisis financiera = financial crisis, financial crunch.
    * crisis medioambiental = environmental crisis.
    * crisis social = social crisis.
    * desatar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * en crisis = depressed, crisis-ridden, on the rocks.
    * enfrentarse a una crisis = face + crisis.
    * en situación de crisis = on the rocks.
    * estar sumido en una crisis = be deep in crisis.
    * gestión de crisis = crisis management.
    * hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.
    * ocasionar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * pasar una crisis = face + crisis.
    * provocar una crisis = precipitate + crisis.
    * resolver una crisis = solve + crisis.
    * sobrevivir una crisis = survive + crisis.
    * superar una crisis = ford + crisis, survive + crisis.

    * * *
    (pl crisis)
    el país sufre/está atravesando una grave crisis energética the country has/is experiencing a serious energy crisis
    la crisis de la vivienda the housing crisis o shortage
    la economía está en crisis the economy is in crisis
    crisis de fe crisis of faith
    su relación está pasando por una etapa de crisis their relationship is going through a crisis
    la situación hizo crisis the situation came to a head, the situation reached crisis point o a crisis level
    2 ( Med) crisis
    la enfermedad hizo crisis al día siguiente the illness became critical the next day
    crisis de Gobierno cabinet reshuffle
    Compuestos:
    heart failure, cardiac arrest
    ● crisis crediticia or del crédito
    credit crunch, credit crisis
    identity crisis
    midlife crisis
    nervous breakdown
    respiratory failure
    * * *

    crisis sustantivo femenino (pl
    ◊ crisis)



    b) (period) ( remodelación ministerial) tb


    crisis sustantivo femenino inv
    1 (mala situación) crisis
    2 Fin crisis
    3 Med (ataque) fit, attack
    ' crisis' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acentuarse
    - actual
    - álgida
    - álgido
    - depresión
    - encarar
    - frenar
    - galopante
    - ingresar
    - pasar
    - agudizar
    - agudo
    - atravesar
    - causante
    - desencadenar
    - económico
    - energético
    - estallar
    - perdurar
    - sacar
    English:
    actual
    - acute
    - background
    - breakdown
    - carry through
    - corner
    - crack
    - crisis
    - flap
    - identity crisis
    - midlife
    - nervous breakdown
    - pull through
    - religion
    - break
    - confront
    - crunch
    - deepen
    - defuse
    - depression
    - develop
    - hang
    - head
    - trouble
    * * *
    crisis nf inv
    1. [situación difícil] crisis;
    la crisis del petróleo the oil crisis;
    la crisis del matrimonio the crisis affecting the institution of marriage;
    la crisis en el mercado de valores the stock market crisis;
    estar en crisis to be in crisis;
    atravesar una crisis to go through a crisis;
    entrar en una época de crisis to go into crisis, to enter a period of crisis
    crisis económica economic crisis, recession;
    crisis energética energy crisis;
    crisis financiera financial crisis;
    crisis de identidad identity crisis;
    crisis ministerial cabinet crisis;
    Hist la crisis de los misiles [en Cuba] the Cuban Missile Crisis
    2. [médica] crisis
    crisis cardiaca cardiac arrest;
    crisis epiléptica epileptic attack;
    crisis nerviosa nervous breakdown
    * * *
    f inv crisis
    * * *
    crisis nf
    1) : crisis
    2)
    crisis nerviosa : nervous breakdown
    * * *
    1. (situación grave) crisis [pl. crises]
    2. (escasez) shortage
    3. (cambio brusco) attack / fit

    Spanish-English dictionary > crisis

  • 18 desgaste

    m.
    1 wear and tear.
    el desgaste de las ruedas the wear on the tires
    2 wear and tear.
    el desgaste de los años the wear and tear of the years
    3 worn area, eroded area.
    4 wearing away, attrition, waste.
    pres.subj.
    1st person singular (yo) Present Subjunctive of Spanish verb: desgastar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) wear; (metal) corrosion; (cuerda) fraying; (piedra) erosion
    2 (deterioro) damage, deterioration
    \
    desgaste natural wear and tear
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) [de ropa, zapatos, neumático] wear; [de superficie, roca] wearing away, erosion
    2) (=agotamiento)

    el poder produjo el desgaste del gobierno — in power, the government grew stale o ran out of steam

    * * *
    a) (de ropa, suelas) wear; ( de rocas) erosion, wearing away
    * * *
    = burnout [burn-out], attrition, wear, weathering.
    Ex. Burnout is a growing phenomenon among librarians and other human service professionals = La apatía es un fenómeno que se da cada vez con más frecuencia entre los bibliotecarios y otros profesionales dedicados a prestar un servicio a la población.
    Ex. This article examines the trends which contribute to a high attrition rate among library directors.
    Ex. When in use moulds were subject to severe wear which resulted in noticeable deterioration of the surface.
    Ex. Science topics include weathering, erosion, streams, sedimentation, sedimentary rocks.
    ----
    * desgaste emocional = emotional exhaustion.
    * desgaste por el uso = wear and tear.
    * guerra de desgaste = war of attrition.
    * prueba de desgaste = wear test.
    * test de desgaste = wear test.
    * * *
    a) (de ropa, suelas) wear; ( de rocas) erosion, wearing away
    * * *
    = burnout [burn-out], attrition, wear, weathering.

    Ex: Burnout is a growing phenomenon among librarians and other human service professionals = La apatía es un fenómeno que se da cada vez con más frecuencia entre los bibliotecarios y otros profesionales dedicados a prestar un servicio a la población.

    Ex: This article examines the trends which contribute to a high attrition rate among library directors.
    Ex: When in use moulds were subject to severe wear which resulted in noticeable deterioration of the surface.
    Ex: Science topics include weathering, erosion, streams, sedimentation, sedimentary rocks.
    * desgaste emocional = emotional exhaustion.
    * desgaste por el uso = wear and tear.
    * guerra de desgaste = war of attrition.
    * prueba de desgaste = wear test.
    * test de desgaste = wear test.

    * * *
    1 (de ropa, suelas) wear; (de rocas) erosion, wearing away
    uso o desgaste normal normal wear and tear
    2
    (debilitamiento): sufren un gran desgaste físico jugando a esas temperaturas playing in those temperatures debilitates them o is very debilitating
    indicios del desgaste de la dictadura signs of the declining authority of the dictatorship, signs that the dictatorship is weakening
    Compuesto:
    loss of political support
    * * *

     

    Del verbo desgastar: ( conjugate desgastar)

    desgasté es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    desgaste es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    desgastar    
    desgaste
    desgastar ( conjugate desgastar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( gastar) ‹suelas/ropa› to wear out;

    ‹ roca› to wear away, erode
    b) ( debilitar) to wear … down

    desgastarse verbo pronominal

    [ roca] to wear away;
    [ tacón] to wear down

    [ relación] to grow stale
    desgaste sustantivo masculino
    a) (de ropa, suelas) wear;

    ( de rocas) erosion, wearing away

    desgastar verbo transitivo to wear out
    desgaste sustantivo masculino
    1 wear, wear and tear
    2 desgaste del poder, weakening o decline of power
    ' desgaste' also found in these entries:
    English:
    attrition rate
    - erosion
    - wear
    - attrition
    * * *
    1. [de tela, muebles] wear and tear;
    [de roca] wearing away; [de pilas] running down; [de cuerda] fraying;
    el desgaste de las ruedas the wear on the tyres
    desgaste natural fair wear and tear
    2. [de persona, organización] wear and tear;
    el desgaste de los años the wear and tear of the years;
    presenta todos los síntomas del desgaste que produce el poder it displays all the symptoms of having been in power too long;
    desgaste físico/psicológico physical/mental wear and tear
    * * *
    m wear (and tear);
    guerra de desgaste war of attrition
    * * *
    : deterioration, wear and tear
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > desgaste

  • 19 work

    work [wɜ:k]
    travail ⇒ 1 (a)-(e), 1 (g) œuvre ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (f) besogne ⇒ 1 (b) emploi ⇒ 1 (c) ouvrage ⇒ 1 (f) recherches ⇒ 1 (g) travailler ⇒ 2A (a)-(e), 3A (b), 3A (c), 3A (e), 3C (a) fonctionner ⇒ 2B (a) marcher ⇒ 2B (a), 2B (b) réussir ⇒ 2B (b) agir ⇒ 2B (c), 2B (d) faire travailler ⇒ 3A (a) faire marcher ⇒ 3B (a) façonner ⇒ 3C (a) mécanisme ⇒ 4 1 (a) travaux ⇒ 4 1 (b) usine ⇒ 4 2 (a)
    1 noun
    (a) (effort, activity) travail m, œuvre f;
    ∎ computers take some of the work out of filing les ordinateurs facilitent le classement;
    ∎ this report needs more work il y a encore du travail à faire sur ce rapport, ce rapport demande plus de travail;
    ∎ she's done a lot of work for charity elle a beaucoup travaillé pour des associations caritatives;
    ∎ it will take a lot of work to make a team out of them ça va être un drôle de travail de faire d'eux une équipe;
    ∎ keep up the good work! continuez comme ça!;
    ∎ nice or good work! c'est du bon travail!, bravo!;
    ∎ that's fine work or a fine piece of work c'est du beau travail;
    ∎ your work has been useful vous avez fait du travail utile;
    ∎ work on the tunnel is to start in March (existing tunnel) les travaux sur le tunnel doivent commencer en mars; (new tunnel) la construction du tunnel doit commencer en mars;
    ∎ work in progress Administration travail en cours; Accountancy travaux mpl en cours, inventaire m de production; (sign) travaux en cours;
    ∎ she put a lot of work into that book elle a beaucoup travaillé sur ce livre;
    ∎ to make work for sb compliquer la vie à qn;
    ∎ to start work, to set to work se mettre au travail;
    ∎ she set or she went to work on the contract elle a commencé à travailler sur le contrat;
    ∎ he set to work undermining their confidence il a entrepris de saper leur confiance;
    ∎ I set him to work (on) painting the kitchen je lui ai donné la cuisine à peindre;
    ∎ they put him to work in the kitchen ils l'ont mis au travail dans la cuisine;
    ∎ let's get (down) to work! (mettons-nous) au travail!;
    ∎ proverb all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy beaucoup de travail et peu de loisirs ne réussissent à personne
    (b) (duty, task) travail m, besogne f;
    ∎ I've got loads of work to do j'ai énormément de travail à faire;
    ∎ she gave us too much work elle nous a donné trop de travail;
    ∎ he's trying to get some work done il essaie de travailler un peu;
    ∎ they do their work well ils travaillent bien, ils font du bon travail;
    ∎ it's hard work c'est du travail, ce n'est pas facile;
    ∎ it's thirsty work ça donne soif;
    ∎ to make short or light work of sth expédier qch;
    ∎ figurative to make short work of sb ne faire qu'une bouchée de qn;
    ∎ familiar it's nice work if you can get it! c'est une bonne planque, encore faut-il la trouver!
    (c) (paid employment) travail m, emploi m;
    ∎ what (kind of) work do you do? qu'est-ce que vous faites dans la vie?, quel travail faites-vous?;
    ∎ I do translation work je suis traducteur, je fais des traductions;
    ∎ to find work trouver du travail;
    ∎ to look for work chercher du travail ou un emploi;
    ∎ to be in work travailler, avoir un emploi;
    ∎ to be out of work être au chômage ou sans travail ou sans emploi;
    ∎ he had a week off work (holiday) il a pris une semaine de vacances; (illness) il n'est pas allé au travail pendant une semaine;
    ∎ to take time off work prendre des congés;
    ∎ she's off work today elle ne travaille pas aujourd'hui;
    ∎ to do a full day's work faire une journée entière de travail;
    ∎ people out of work (gen) les chômeurs mpl; Administration & Economics les inactifs mpl
    (d) (place of employment) travail m; Administration lieu m de travail;
    ∎ I go to work by bus je vais au travail en bus;
    ∎ I'm late for work je suis en retard pour le travail;
    ∎ he's a friend from work c'est un collègue;
    ∎ where is your (place of) work? où travaillez-vous?, quel est votre lieu de travail?;
    ∎ on her way home from work en rentrant du travail
    (e) (papers, material etc being worked on) travail m;
    ∎ to take work home prendre du travail à la maison;
    ∎ her work was all over the table son travail était étalé sur la table
    (f) (creation, artefact etc) œuvre f; (on smaller scale) ouvrage m; Sewing ouvrage m;
    ∎ it's all my own work j'ai tout fait moi-même;
    ∎ it's an interesting piece of work (gen) c'est un travail intéressant; Art, Literature & Music c'est une œuvre intéressante;
    ∎ very detailed/delicate work (embroidery, carving etc) ouvrage très détaillé/délicat;
    ∎ these formations are the work of the wind ces formations sont l'œuvre du vent;
    ∎ the silversmith sells much of his work to hotels l'orfèvre vend une grande partie de ce qu'il fait ou de son travail à des hôtels;
    ∎ the complete works of Shakespeare les œuvres complètes ou l'œuvre de Shakespeare;
    ∎ a new work on Portugal un nouvel ouvrage sur le Portugal;
    ∎ a work of art une œuvre d'art;
    ∎ works of fiction des ouvrages de fiction
    (g) (research) travail m, recherches fpl;
    ∎ there hasn't been a lot of work done on the subject peu de travail a été fait ou peu de recherches ont été faites sur le sujet
    (h) (deed) œuvre f, acte m;
    ∎ good works bonnes œuvres fpl;
    ∎ each man will be judged by his works chaque homme sera jugé selon ses œuvres;
    ∎ charitable works actes mpl de charité, actes mpl charitables;
    ∎ the murder is the work of a madman le meurtre est l'œuvre d'un fou
    (i) (effect) effet m;
    ∎ wait until the medicine has done its work attendez que le médicament ait agi ou ait produit son effet
    (j) Physics travail m
    A.
    (a) (exert effort on a specific task, activity etc) travailler;
    ∎ we worked for hours cleaning the house nous avons passé des heures à faire le ménage;
    ∎ they worked in the garden ils ont fait du jardinage;
    ∎ we work hard nous travaillons dur;
    ∎ she's working on a novel just now elle travaille à un roman en ce moment;
    ∎ a detective is working on this case un détective est sur cette affaire;
    ∎ he works at or on keeping himself fit il fait de l'exercice pour garder la forme;
    ∎ we have to work to a deadline nous devons respecter des délais dans notre travail;
    ∎ we have to work to a budget nous devons travailler avec un certain budget;
    ∎ I've worked with the handicapped before j'ai déjà travaillé avec les handicapés;
    ∎ I work with the Spanish on that project je travaille (en collaboration) avec les Espagnols sur ce projet
    (b) (be employed) travailler;
    ∎ he works as a teacher il a un poste d'enseignant;
    ∎ I work in advertising je travaille dans la publicité;
    ∎ who do you work for? chez qui est-ce que vous travaillez?;
    ∎ she works in or for a bank elle travaille dans ou pour une banque;
    ∎ I work a forty-hour week je travaille quarante heures par semaine, je fais une semaine de quarante heures;
    ∎ to work for a living travailler pour gagner sa vie;
    ∎ Industry to work to rule faire la grève du zèle
    ∎ to work for a good cause travailler pour une bonne cause;
    ∎ they're working for better international relations ils s'efforcent d'améliorer les relations internationales
    (d) (study) travailler, étudier;
    ∎ you're going to have to work if you want to pass the exam il va falloir que tu travailles ou que tu étudies si tu veux avoir ton examen
    ∎ this sculptor works in or with copper ce sculpteur travaille avec le cuivre;
    ∎ she has always worked in or with watercolours elle a toujours travaillé avec de la peinture à l'eau
    B.
    (a) (function, operate → machine, brain, system) fonctionner, marcher;
    ∎ the lift doesn't work at night l'ascenseur ne marche pas la nuit;
    ∎ the lift never works l'ascenseur est toujours en panne;
    ∎ the radio works off batteries la radio fonctionne avec des piles;
    ∎ a pump worked by hand une pompe actionnée à la main ou manuellement;
    ∎ they soon got or had it working ils sont vite parvenus à le faire fonctionner;
    ∎ she sat still, her brain or her mind working furiously elle était assise immobile, le cerveau en ébullition;
    ∎ figurative everything worked smoothly tout s'est déroulé comme prévu;
    ∎ your idea just won't work ton idée ne peut pas marcher;
    ∎ this relationship isn't working cette relation ne marche pas;
    ∎ that argument works both ways ce raisonnement est à double tranchant;
    ∎ how does the law work exactly? comment la loi fonctionne-t-elle exactement?
    (b) (produce results, succeed) marcher, réussir;
    ∎ it worked brilliantly ça a très bien marché;
    ∎ their scheme didn't work leur complot a échoué;
    ∎ that/flattery won't work with me ça/la flatterie ne prend pas avec moi
    (c) (drug, medicine) agir, produire ou faire son effet
    (d) (act) agir;
    ∎ the acid works as a catalyst l'acide agit comme ou sert de catalyseur;
    ∎ events have worked against us/in our favour les événements ont agi contre nous/en notre faveur;
    ∎ I'm working on the assumption that they'll sign the contract je pars du principe qu'ils signeront le contrat
    C.
    ∎ to work loose se desserrer;
    ∎ to work free se libérer;
    ∎ the nail worked through the sole of my shoe le clou est passé à travers la semelle de ma chaussure
    (b) (face, mouth) se contracter, se crisper
    (c) (ferment) fermenter
    A.
    (a) (worker, employee, horse) faire travailler;
    ∎ the boss works his staff hard le patron exige beaucoup de travail de ses employés;
    ∎ you work yourself too hard tu te surmènes;
    ∎ to work oneself to death se tuer à la tâche;
    ∎ to work one's fingers to the bone s'user au travail
    ∎ they worked their passage to India ils ont payé leur passage en Inde en travaillant;
    ∎ I worked my way through college j'ai travaillé pour payer mes études à l'université
    ∎ he works the southern sales area il travaille pour le service commercial de la région sud;
    ∎ the pollster worked both sides of the street le sondeur a enquêté des deux côtés de la rue;
    ∎ figurative the candidate worked the crowd le candidat s'efforçait de soulever l'enthousiasme de la foule;
    ∎ a real-estate agent who works the phones un agent immobilier qui fait de la prospection par téléphone;
    ∎ she works the bars (prostitute) elle travaille dans les bars
    (d) (achieve, accomplish)
    ∎ the new policy will work major changes la nouvelle politique opérera ou entraînera des changements importants;
    ∎ the story worked its magic or its charm on the public l'histoire a enchanté le public;
    ∎ to work a spell on sb jeter un sort à qn;
    ∎ to work miracles faire ou accomplir des miracles;
    ∎ to work wonders faire merveille;
    ∎ she has worked wonders with the children elle a fait des merveilles avec les enfants
    (e) (make use of, exploit → land) travailler, cultiver; (→ mine, quarry) exploiter, faire valoir
    B.
    (a) (operate) faire marcher, faire fonctionner;
    ∎ this switch works the furnace ce bouton actionne ou commande la chaudière;
    ∎ he knows how to work the drill il sait se servir de la perceuse
    ∎ I worked the handle up and down j'ai remué la poignée de haut en bas;
    ∎ to work one's hands free parvenir à dégager ses mains;
    ∎ she worked the ropes loose elle a réussi à desserrer les cordes petit à petit
    ∎ I worked my way along the ledge j'ai longé la saillie avec précaution;
    ∎ he worked his way down/up the cliff il a descendu/monté la falaise lentement;
    ∎ the beggar worked his way towards us le mendiant s'est approché de nous;
    ∎ they worked their way through the list ils ont traité chaque élément de la liste tour à tour;
    ∎ he's worked his way through the whole grant il a épuisé toute la subvention;
    ∎ a band of rain working its way across the country un front de pluie qui traverse le pays;
    ∎ they have worked themselves into a corner ils se sont mis dans une impasse
    (d) familiar (contrive) s'arranger;
    ∎ she managed to work a few days off elle s'est arrangée ou s'est débrouillée pour avoir quelques jours de congé;
    ∎ I worked it or worked things so that she's never alone j'ai fait en sorte qu'elle ou je me suis arrangé pour qu'elle ne soit jamais seule
    C.
    (a) (shape → leather, metal, stone) travailler, façonner; (→ clay, dough) travailler, pétrir; (→ object, sculpture) façonner; Sewing (design, initials) broder;
    ∎ she worked the silver into earrings elle a travaillé l'argent pour en faire des boucles d'oreilles;
    ∎ she worked a figure out of the wood elle a sculpté une silhouette dans le bois;
    ∎ the flowers are worked in silk les fleurs sont brodées en soie;
    ∎ work the putty into the right consistency travaillez le mastic pour lui donner la consistance voulue
    ∎ gently work the cream into your hands massez-vous les mains pour faire pénétrer la crème;
    ∎ work the dye into the surface of the leather faites pénétrer la teinture dans le cuir
    (c) (excite, provoke)
    ∎ the orator worked the audience into a frenzy l'orateur a enflammé ou a galvanisé le public;
    ∎ she worked herself into a rage elle s'est mise dans une colère noire
    (a) (mechanism) mécanisme m, rouages mpl; (of clock) mouvement m;
    ∎ familiar to foul up or to gum up the works tout foutre en l'air
    (b) Building industry travaux mpl; (installation) installations fpl;
    ∎ road works travaux mpl; (sign) travaux;
    ∎ Minister/Ministry of Works ministre m/ministère m des Travaux publics
    2 noun
    ∎ a printing works une imprimerie;
    ∎ a gas works une usine à gaz;
    ∎ price ex works prix m sortie usine
    ∎ the (whole) works tout le bataclan ou le tralala;
    ∎ they had eggs, bacon, toast, the works ils mangeaient des œufs, du bacon, du pain grillé, tout, quoi!;
    ∎ American to shoot the works jouer le grand jeu;
    ∎ American we shot the works on the project nous avons mis le paquet sur le projet;
    ∎ to give sb the works (special treatment) dérouler le tapis rouge pour qn; (beating) passer qn à tabac
    ∎ to be at work on sth/(on) doing sth travailler (à) qch/à faire qch;
    ∎ he's at work on a new book il travaille à un nouveau livre;
    ∎ they're hard at work painting the house ils sont en plein travail, ils repeignent la maison
    ∎ there are several factors at work here il y a plusieurs facteurs qui entrent en jeu ou qui jouent ici;
    ∎ there are evil forces at work des forces mauvaises sont en action
    ∎ she's at work (gen) elle est au travail; (office) elle est au bureau; (factory) elle est à l'usine;
    ∎ I'll phone you at work je t'appellerai au travail;
    ∎ we met at work on s'est connus au travail
    ►► work area (in school, home) coin m de travail; Computing zone f de travail;
    works band fanfare m (d'une entreprise);
    work camp (prison) camp m de travail; (voluntary) chantier m de travail;
    American work coat blouse f;
    works committee, works council comité m d'entreprise;
    work ethic = exaltation des valeurs liées au travail;
    work experience stage m (en entreprise);
    ∎ the course includes two months' work experience le programme comprend un stage en entreprise de deux mois;
    American work farm = camp de travail forcé où les détenus travaillent la terre;
    Computing work file fichier m de travail;
    work flow déroulement m des opérations;
    work group groupe m de travail;
    works manager directeur(trice) m,f d'usine;
    work party (of soldiers) escouade f; (of prisoners) groupe m de travail;
    work permit permis m de travail;
    Computing work sheet feuille f de travail;
    work space (at home) coin-travail m; (in office) & Computing espace m de travail;
    ∎ I need more work space j'ai besoin de plus d'espace pour travailler;
    work surface surface f de travail;
    American work week semaine f de travail
    travailler;
    ∎ while he worked away at fixing the furnace tandis qu'il travaillait à réparer la chaudière;
    ∎ we worked away all evening nous avons passé la soirée à travailler
    glisser;
    ∎ her socks had worked down around her ankles ses chaussettes étaient tombées sur ses chevilles
    (a) (incorporate) incorporer;
    ∎ work the ointment in thoroughly faites bien pénétrer la pommade;
    ∎ Cookery work the butter into the flour incorporez le beurre à la farine
    (b) (insert) faire entrer ou introduire petit à petit;
    ∎ he worked in a few sly remarks about the boss il a réussi à glisser quelques réflexions sournoises sur le patron;
    ∎ I'll try and work the translation in some time this week (into schedule) j'essayerai de (trouver le temps de) faire la traduction dans le courant de la semaine
    (a) (dispose of → fat, weight) se débarrasser de, éliminer; (→ anxiety, frustration) passer, assouvir;
    ∎ I worked off my excess energy chopping wood j'ai dépensé mon trop-plein d'énergie en cassant du bois;
    ∎ he worked off his tensions by running il s'est défoulé en faisant du jogging;
    ∎ to work off one's anger on sb passer sa colère sur qn
    (b) (debt, obligation)
    ∎ it took him three months to work off his debt il a dû travailler trois mois pour rembourser son emprunt
    ➲ work on
    (a) (person) essayer de convaincre;
    ∎ we've been working on him but he still won't go nous avons essayé de le persuader mais il ne veut toujours pas y aller;
    ∎ I'll work on her je vais m'occuper d'elle
    (b) (task, problem)
    ∎ the police are working on who stole the jewels la police s'efforce de retrouver celui qui a volé les bijoux;
    ∎ he's been working on his breaststroke/emotional problems il a travaillé sa brasse/essayé de résoudre ses problèmes sentimentaux;
    ∎ have you got any ideas? - I'm working on it as-tu des idées? - je cherche
    ∎ have you any data to work on? avez-vous des données sur lesquelles vous fonder?
    (continue to work) continuer à travailler
    (a) (discharge fully) acquitter en travaillant;
    ∎ to work out one's notice faire son préavis
    (b) (calculate → cost, distance, sum) calculer; (→ answer, total) trouver;
    ∎ I work it out at £22 d'après mes calculs, ça fait 22 livres
    (c) (solve → calculation, problem) résoudre; (→ puzzle) faire, résoudre; (→ code) déchiffrer;
    ∎ have they worked out their differences? est-ce qu'ils ont réglé ou résolu leurs différends?;
    ∎ I'm sure we can work this thing out (your problem) je suis sûr que nous pouvons arranger ça; (our argument) je suis sûr que nous finirons par nous mettre d'accord;
    ∎ things will work themselves out les choses s'arrangeront toutes seules ou d'elles-mêmes
    (d) (formulate → idea, plan) élaborer, combiner; (→ agreement, details) mettre au point;
    ∎ to work out a solution trouver une solution;
    ∎ have you worked out yet when it's due to start? est-ce que tu sais quand ça doit commencer?;
    ∎ she had it all worked out elle avait tout planifié;
    ∎ we worked out an easier route nous avons trouvé un itinéraire plus facile
    (e) (figure out) arriver à comprendre;
    ∎ I finally worked out why he was acting so strangely j'ai enfin découvert ou compris pourquoi il se comportait si bizarrement;
    ∎ the dog had worked out how to open the door le chien avait compris comment ouvrir la porte;
    ∎ I can't work her out je n'arrive pas à la comprendre;
    ∎ I can't work their relationship out leurs rapports me dépassent
    (f) (mine, well) épuiser
    (a) (happen) se passer;
    ∎ it depends on how things work out ça dépend de la façon dont les choses se passent;
    ∎ the trip worked out as planned le voyage s'est déroulé comme prévu;
    ∎ I wonder how it will all work out je me demande comment tout cela va s'arranger;
    ∎ it all worked out for the best tout a fini par s'arranger pour le mieux;
    ∎ but it didn't work out that way mais il en a été tout autrement;
    ∎ it worked out badly for them les choses ont mal tourné pour eux
    (b) (have a good result → job, plan) réussir; (→ problem, puzzle) se résoudre;
    ∎ she worked out fine as personnel director elle s'est bien débrouillée comme directeur du personnel;
    ∎ are things working out for you OK? est-ce que ça se passe bien pour toi?;
    ∎ did the new job work out? ça a marché pour le nouveau boulot?;
    ∎ it didn't work out between them les choses ont plutôt mal tourné entre eux;
    ∎ their project didn't work out leur projet est tombé à l'eau
    ∎ how much does it all work out at? ça fait combien en tout?;
    ∎ the average price for an apartment works out to or at $5,000 per square metre le prix moyen d'un appartement s'élève ou revient à 5000 dollars le mètre carré;
    ∎ that works out at three hours a week ça fait trois heures par semaine;
    ∎ electric heating works out expensive le chauffage électrique revient cher
    (d) (exercise) faire de l'exercice; (professional athlete) s'entraîner
    (a) American (revise) revoir, réviser
    (b) familiar (beat up) tabasser, passer à tabac
    (a) (turn) tourner;
    ∎ the wind worked round to the north le vent a tourné au nord petit à petit
    ∎ he finally worked round to the subject of housing il a fini par aborder le sujet du logement;
    ∎ what's she working round to? où veut-elle en venir?
    ∎ (bring round) I worked the conversation round to my salary j'ai amené la conversation sur la question de mon salaire
    (a) (insert) faire passer à travers
    ∎ we worked our way through the crowd nous nous sommes frayé un chemin à travers la foule;
    ∎ he worked his way through the book il a lu le livre du début à la fin;
    ∎ figurative I worked the problem through j'ai étudié le problème sous tous ses aspects
    ∎ she worked through lunch elle a travaillé pendant l'heure du déjeuner
    ∎ he worked through his emotional problems il a réussi à assumer ses problèmes affectifs
    ➲ work up
    (a) (stir up, rouse) exciter, provoquer;
    ∎ he worked up the crowd il a excité la foule;
    ∎ he worked the crowd up into a frenzy il a rendu la foule frénétique;
    ∎ he works himself up or he gets himself worked up over nothing il s'énerve pour rien;
    ∎ she had worked herself up into a dreadful rage elle s'était mise dans une rage terrible
    (b) (develop) développer;
    ∎ I want to work these ideas up into an article je veux développer ces idées pour en faire un article;
    ∎ to work up an appetite se mettre en appétit;
    ∎ we worked up a sweat/a thirst playing tennis jouer au tennis nous a donné chaud/soif;
    ∎ I can't work up any enthusiasm for this work je n'arrive pas à avoir le moindre enthousiasme pour ce travail;
    ∎ he tried to work up an interest in the cause il a essayé de s'intéresser à la cause
    ∎ to work one's way up faire son chemin;
    ∎ she worked her way up from secretary to managing director elle a commencé comme secrétaire et elle a fait son chemin jusqu'au poste de P-DG;
    ∎ I worked my way up from nothing je suis parti de rien
    (a) (clothing) remonter
    ∎ the film was working up to a climax le film approchait de son point culminant;
    ∎ things were working up to a crisis une crise se préparait, on était au bord d'une crise;
    ∎ she's working up to what she wanted to ask elle en vient à ce qu'elle voulait demander;
    ∎ what are you working up to? où veux-tu en venir?

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > work

  • 20 affect

    ̈ɪəˈfekt I
    1. сущ.;
    псих. аффект The terms 'affect' and 'affective' denote the emotional-conative aspect of all mental activity. ≈ Термины 'аффект' и 'аффективный' выражают эмоционально-конативный аспект ментальной деятельности в целом. Syn: emotion
    2. гл.
    1) подвергать физическому воздействию, давлению
    2) волновать, трогать, задевать, затрагивать, оказывать влияние( о мыслях, чувствах и т.д.) to affect smb. deeply, profoundly, strongly ≈ сильно повлиять на кого-л. Syn: influence
    2., move
    2., touch
    2.
    3) мед. поражать( о болезни) affected by influenza ≈ подхвативший грипп
    4) в пасс. форме приписывать, предназначать, назначать (для какой-л. деятельности) affected to the promotion of science and learning ≈ назначенный на дела по продвижению вопросов науки и образования Syn: allot, attribute
    2. II гл.
    1) притворяться, делать вид, прикидываться
    2) любить, предпочитать что-л. Syn: like, love
    3) (о растениях, животных) быть распространенными (где-л.), обитать( где-л.) Syn: haunt, inhabit
    4) иметь предрасположенность, тенденцию (к какому-либо типу развития) (о предметах, явлениях) Any body affects some regular shape. ≈ Любое физическое тело стремится принять какую-то определенную форму.
    (психологическое) аффект (воз) действовать;
    влиять;
    - the climate has *ed his health этот климат повлиял на его здоровье;
    - to * public opinion оказать влияние на общественное мнение;
    - it *s me personally это имеет ко мне прямое отношение, это касается меня лично волновать, трогать;
    - the news *ed him greatly это известие на него сильно подействовало;
    - to * smb. to tears растрогать кого-л до слез;
    - he was not *ed by the play пьеса его не тронула, пьеса оставила его равнодушным вредить, наносить ущерб;
    плохо отражаться, задевать;
    - to * smb.'s interests задевать чьи-л интересы;
    - smoking *s health курить вредно для здоровья (медицина) поражать;
    - to * smb.'s heart подействовать кому-л на сердце;
    отразиться на чьем-л сердце;
    - smb.'s lungs are *ed затронуты легкие притворяться, прикидываться;
    делать вид, принимать вид;
    - to * ignorance притворяться незнающим;
    - he *ed illness not to go to work он симулировал болезнь, чтобы не идти на работу;
    - to * composure напускать на себя показное спокойствие;
    - to * the freethinker изображать из себя вольнодумца;
    - he *ed not to hear me он сделал вид, что не слышал меня имитировать, копировать, подражать;
    - to * a Southern accent говорить с нарочитым южным акцентом часто употреблять: любить;
    - to * loud neckties любить яркие галстуки;
    - she *s old furniture она увлекается старинной мебелью;
    - he *s carelessness in dress он одевается нарочито небрежно;
    - he *s long words that few people can understand он щеголяет длинными словами, которые мало кто понимает принимать форму, вид;
    - drops of every fluid * a round figure капли любой жидкости принимают округлую форму (редкое) нуждаться в определенных условиях;
    - rice *s moist land рису нужна влажная почва населять, обитать;
    - lions * Africa львы обитают в Африке;
    - moss *s the northern slopes мох предпочитает северные склоны
    affect психол. аффект ~ влиять ~ воздействовать ~ вредить ~ действовать (на кого-л.) ;
    воздействовать, влиять ~ задевать, затрагивать;
    to affect the interest затрагивать интересы;
    to affect the character порочить репутацию ~ любить, предпочитать (что-л.) ~ наносить ущерб ~ поражать (о болезни) ;
    affected by cold простуженный ~ притворяться, делать вид, прикидываться;
    to affect ignorance прикидываться незнающим ~ трогать, волновать;
    the news affected him известие взволновало его
    ~ притворяться, делать вид, прикидываться;
    to affect ignorance прикидываться незнающим
    ~ задевать, затрагивать;
    to affect the interest затрагивать интересы;
    to affect the character порочить репутацию
    ~ задевать, затрагивать;
    to affect the interest затрагивать интересы;
    to affect the character порочить репутацию
    ~ поражать (о болезни) ;
    affected by cold простуженный
    ~ трогать, волновать;
    the news affected him известие взволновало его

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > affect

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См. также в других словарях:

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  • emotional disorder — noun any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant • Syn: ↑affective disorder, ↑major affective disorder, ↑emotional disturbance • Hypernyms: ↑mental… …   Useful english dictionary

  • emotional disturbance — noun any mental disorder not caused by detectable organic abnormalities of the brain and in which a major disturbance of emotions is predominant (Freq. 2) • Syn: ↑affective disorder, ↑major affective disorder, ↑emotional disorder • Hypernyms:… …   Useful english dictionary

  • illness — SYN: disease (1). environmental i. SYN: multiple chemical sensitivity. factitious i. by proxy SYN: Munchausen syndrome by proxy. functional i. SYN: functional disorder. manic depressive i. an older term for manic depressive disorder, which is now …   Medical dictionary

  • emotional disorder — see under illness …   Medical dictionary

  • emotional disturbance — see under illness …   Medical dictionary

  • MENTAL ILLNESS — Man has been subject to mental illness from the earliest known times. The Bible makes frequent reference   to it among Jews, and describes recognizable types of mental disturbances. The reference in Leviticus 20:27, A man also or a woman that… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

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